My luggage doesn’t arrive with me on my trip: what should I do?

Traveling by plane can be stressful, with lines, security checks, and waiting to retrieve your checked baggage from the baggage carousel. But what happens when your suitcase never appears? Here’s what to do if your bags don’t arrive on time.

How do bags get loaded onto a plane?

Airline baggage systems are efficient, but subject to strict rules. You’re typically allowed one carry-on bag and one personal item, while larger bags (up to 20 kg) go into the hold. Each hold bag is tagged to your ticket, and the plane won’t depart until you’re on board, to reduce security risks. If a passenger doesn’t board, a bomb disposal team may be called—so always keep your baggage claim tag.

Why might baggage be missing?

Delays often stem from tight connections. Give yourself at least an hour—ideally more—when switching airlines or airports. Poorly designed bags can also get caught on conveyor belts, leading to damage. And if your luggage tag is torn or unreadable, staff may set it aside, increasing the chance of misrouting. Always use protective sleeves available at the airport and check prohibited items to avoid rejection.

What if my baggage doesn’t arrive at all?

Most delayed bags arrive within a few days. You can track them using World Tracer, a global baggage tracing system found in many airports. Enter your baggage reference number (from your check-in receipt) to see its last known location.

If your bag is missing, go immediately to the airline’s baggage service desk and file a Property Irregularity Report (PIR). Retain this document—it’s essential if your bag turns out to be truly lost. You’ll need the PIR, your baggage tag, receipts for emergency purchases, and a detailed list of contents to file a claim with the airline for compensation.

Tech savvy travelers also use Apple AirTags inside bags to monitor their location via crowdsourced networks—if another Apple user comes nearby, you can see its real-time position.